Compare Svalbard (2005) - Turks and Caicos Islands (2008)

Compare Svalbard (2005) z Turks and Caicos Islands (2008)

	Svalbard (2005)	Turks and Caicos Islands (2008)

Administrative divisions	-	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA	0-14 years: 31.3% (male 3,466/female 3,345) 15-64 years: 64.8% (male 7,398/female 6,690) 65 years and over: 3.9% (male 394/female 453) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish
Airports	4 (2004 est.)	8 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1523 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 2 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)	total: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2007)
Area	total: 62,049 sq km land: 62,049 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Spitsbergen and Bjornoya (Bear Island)	total: 430 sq km land: 430 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than West Virginia	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	First discovered by the Norwegians in the 12th century, the islands served as an international whaling base during the 17th and 18th centuries. Norway's sovereignty was recognized in 1920; five years later it officially took over the territory.	The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands remain a British overseas territory.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population	21.48 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	revenues: $11.5 million expenditures: $11.5 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1998 est.)	revenues: $47 million expenditures: $33.6 million (1997-98 est.)
Capital	Longyearbyen	name: Grand Turk (Cockburn Town) geographic coordinates: 21 28 N, 71 08 W time difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins first Sunday in April; ends last Sunday in October
Climate	arctic, tempered by warm North Atlantic Current; cool summers, cold winters; North Atlantic Current flows along west and north coasts of Spitsbergen, keeping water open and navigable most of the year	tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry
Coastline	3,587 km	389 km
Constitution	-	Turks and Caicos Islands Constitution Order 2006 (effective 9 August 2006)
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Svalbard (sometimes referred to as Spitzbergen)	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands abbreviation: TCI
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population	4.23 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	-	$NA
Dependency status	territory of Norway; administered by the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice, through a governor (sysselmann) residing in Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen; by treaty (9 February 1920) sovereignty was awarded to Norway	overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US	-	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	-	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	despite recent discussions, Russia and Norway dispute their maritime limits in the Barents Sea and Russia's fishing rights beyond Svalbard's territorial limits within the Svalbard Treaty zone	have received Haitians fleeing economic and civil disorder
Economic aid - recipient	$8.2 million from Norway (1998)	$4.1 million (1997)
Economy - overview	Coal mining is the major economic activity on Svalbard. The treaty of 9 February 1920 gives the 41 signatories equal rights to exploit mineral deposits, subject to Norwegian regulation. Although US, UK, Dutch, and Swedish coal companies have mined in the past, the only companies still mining are Norwegian and Russian. The settlements on Svalbard are essentially company towns. The Norwegian state-owned coal company employs nearly 60% of the Norwegian population on the island, runs many of the local services, and provides most of the local infrastructure. There is also some hunting of seal, reindeer, and fox.	The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, offshore financial services, and fishing. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than three-quarters of the 175,000 visitors that arrived in 2004. Major sources of government revenue also include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts.
Electricity - consumption	-	10.76 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	-	11.57 million kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Arctic Ocean 0 m highest point: Newtontoppen 1,717 m	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Blue Hills 49 m
Environment - current issues	NA	limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater
Ethnic groups	Norwegian 55.4%, Russian and Ukrainian 44.3%, other 0.3% (1998)	black 90%, mixed, European, or North American 10%
Exchange rates	Norwegian kroner per US dollar - 6.7408 (2004), 7.0802 (2003), 7.9838 (2002), 8.9917 (2001), 8.8018 (2000)	the US dollar is used
Executive branch	chief of state: King HARALD V of Norway (since 17 January 1991) head of government: Governor Odd Olsen INGERO (since 8 June 2001) and Assistant Governor Rune Baard HANSEN (since NA) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor and assistant governor responsible to the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Richard TAUWHARE (since 11 July 2005) head of government: Premier Michael Eugene MISICK (since 15 August 2003); note - the office of premier was created in the 2006 constitution cabinet: Cabinet consists of the governor, the premier, six ministers appointed by the governor from among the members of the House of Assembly, and the attorney general elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed premier by the governor
Exports	$NA	0 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities	-	lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells
Exports - partners	-	US, UK (2006)
Fiscal year	-	calendar year
Flag description	the flag of Norway is used	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	4.9% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates	78 00 N, 20 00 E	21 45 N, 71 35 W
Geography - note	northernmost part of the Kingdom of Norway; consists of nine main islands; glaciers and snowfields cover 60% of the total area	about 40 islands (eight inhabited)
Highways	total: NA km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	-	transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe
Imports	$NA	83.55 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities	-	food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials
Imports - partners	-	US, UK (2006)
Independence	none (territory of Norway)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate	-	NA%
Industries	-	tourism, offshore financial services
Infant mortality rate	total: NA male: NA female: NA	total: 14.7 deaths/1,000 live births male: 17 deaths/1,000 live births female: 12.29 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	4% (1995)
International organization participation	none	Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), UPU
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA
Judicial branch	-	Supreme Court; Court of Appeal
Labor force	NA	4,848 (1990 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	-	note: about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (no trees, and the only bushes are crowberry and cloudberry) (2001)	arable land: 2.33% permanent crops: 0% other: 97.67% (2005)
Languages	Norwegian, Russian	English (official)
Legal system	NA	based on laws of England and Wales, with a few adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas
Legislative branch	-	unicameral House of Assembly (21 seats of which 15 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 9 February 2007 (next to be held in 2011) election results: percent of vote by party - PNP 60%, PDM 40%; seats by party - PNP 13, PDM 2
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years	total population: 74.95 years male: 72.69 years female: 77.32 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	NA	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 98% male: 99% female: 98% (1970 est.)
Location	Northern Europe, islands between the Arctic Ocean, Barents Sea, Greenland Sea, and Norwegian Sea, north of Norway	Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas, north of Haiti
Map references	Arctic Region	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 4 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm unilaterally claimed by Norway but not recognized by Russia	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	-	registered in other countries: 1 (Panama 1) (2007)
Military - note	demilitarized by treaty on 9 February 1920	defense is the responsibility of the UK
National holiday	NA	Constitution Day, 30 August (1976)
Nationality	-	noun: none adjective: none
Natural hazards	ice floes often block the entrance to Bellsund (a transit point for coal export) on the west coast and occasionally make parts of the northeastern coast inaccessible to maritime traffic	frequent hurricanes
Natural resources	coal, iron ore, copper, zinc, phosphate, wildlife, fish	spiny lobster, conch
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population	9.98 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
People - note	-	destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, The Bahamas, and the US
Political parties and leaders	-	People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Floyd SEYMOUR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Michael Eugene MISICK]
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	NA
Population	2,701 (July 2005 est.)	21,746 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	NA%
Population growth rate	-0.02% (2005 est.)	2.722% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors	Barentsburg, Longyearbyen, Ny-Alesund, Pyramiden	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 1 (plus 2 repeaters), shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 2, FM 7, shortwave 0 (2003)
Religions	-	Baptist 40%, Anglican 18%, Methodist 16%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990)
Sex ratio	NA%	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.036 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.106 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female total population: 1.073 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage	-	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: probably adequate domestic: local telephone service international: country code - 47-790; satellite earth station - 1 of unknown type (for communication with Norwegian mainland only)	general assessment: fully digital system with international direct dialing domestic: full range of services available; GSM wireless service available international: country code - 1-649; the Americas Region Caribbean Ring System (ARCOS-1) fiber optic telecommunications submarine cable provides connectivity to South and Central America, parts of the Caribbean, and US; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	5,700 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	1,700 (1999)
Television broadcast stations	NA	0 (broadcasts received from The Bahamas; 2 cable television networks) (2003)
Terrain	wild, rugged mountains; much of high land ice covered; west coast clear of ice about one-half of the year; fjords along west and north coasts	low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman	3.02 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	10% (1997 est.)

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